My lady and I spent the night before Valentine's Day hammering these out on my forge. She mostly made the S hook, I mostly made the ring, then ropes ensued.
Hanson Gregory claimed to have invented the ring-shaped doughnut in 1847 aboard a lime-trading ship when he was 16 years old. He claimed to have punched a hole in the center of dough with the ship's tin pepper box. [Wikipedia]